CLASS 9 SCIENCE TEST PAPER
Chapters 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 | Latest NCERT Exploration
GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS Read all instructions carefully before answering.
1. This question paper contains 30 questions divided into Sections A to E.
2. All questions are compulsory. Internal choice is provided in Questions 27 and 30.
3. Show complete working for numerical questions and write SI units wherever required.
4. Draw neat, labelled diagrams wherever necessary. Calculators are not permitted.
SECTION A 15 × 1 = 15 marks
1. Which cell organelle controls most cellular activities and contains hereditary material? [1]
(a) Vacuole (b) Nucleus (c) Ribosome (d) Golgi apparatus
2. A plant cell placed in a concentrated salt solution loses water. This process is called: [1]
(a) Endocytosis (b) Plasmolysis (c) Diffusion (d) Cell division
3. Which tissue transports water and minerals from roots to the aerial parts of a plant? [1]
(a) Phloem (b) Xylem (c) Parenchyma (d) Epidermis
4. The tissue responsible for movement of bones at a joint is: [1]
(a) Smooth muscle (b) Cardiac muscle (c) Striated muscle (d) Nervous tissue
5. The slope of a distance–time graph represents: [1]
(a) Acceleration (b) Speed (c) Force (d) Momentum
6. A body moving with constant speed in a circular path has: [1]
(a) zero acceleration (b) constant velocity (c) changing velocity (d) no motion
7. Which method is most suitable for separating cream from milk? [1]
(a) Sublimation (b) Centrifugation (c) Chromatography (d) Evaporation
8. Which of the following is a homogeneous mixture? [1]
(a) Smoke (b) Soil (c) Salt solution (d) Chalk in water
9. Inertia of an object depends mainly on its: [1]
(a) speed (b) shape (c) mass (d) volume
10. Action and reaction forces act: [1]
(a) on the same body (b) on different bodies (c) only at rest (d) in the same direction
For Questions 11–15, choose: (a) Both A and R are true and R explains A; (b) Both are true but R does not explain A; (c) A is true but R is false; (d) A is false but R is true.
11. Assertion (A): The plasma membrane is selectively permeable. Reason (R): It permits only certain substances to enter or leave the cell. [1]
12. Assertion (A): Meristematic cells generally lack large vacuoles. Reason (R): These cells actively divide and have dense cytoplasm. [1]
13. Assertion (A): The area under a velocity–time graph gives displacement. Reason (R): Velocity multiplied by time gives displacement. [1]
14. Assertion (A): A true solution does not scatter a beam of light. Reason (R): Its solute particles are extremely small. [1]
15. Assertion (A): A passenger falls forward when a moving bus stops suddenly. Reason (R): The upper body tends to remain in motion due to inertia. [1]
SECTION B 6 × 2 = 12 marks
16. State any two differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. [2]
17. Why is the epidermis usually covered with a waxy cuticle in desert plants? Give two reasons. [2]
18. Differentiate between distance and displacement. Give one situation in which their magnitudes are equal. [2]
19. A cyclist increases speed from 4 m/s to 10 m/s in 3 s. Calculate the acceleration. [2]
20. Differentiate between a true solution and a suspension on the basis of particle visibility and stability. [2]
21. A force of 18 N acts on a 6 kg object. Calculate its acceleration. What acceleration will be produced if the same force acts on a 9 kg object? [2]
SECTION C 5 × 3 = 15 marks
22. Explain osmosis. What happens when (i) a raisin is placed in pure water and (ii) a swollen raisin is placed in concentrated sugar solution? [3]
23. Differentiate among parenchyma, collenchyma and sclerenchyma with respect to cell wall, living/dead nature and one function. [3]
24. A car starts from rest and attains a velocity of 20 m/s in 10 s. Calculate (i) acceleration and (ii) distance travelled, assuming uniform acceleration. [3]
25. Describe how you would separate a mixture containing ammonium chloride, common salt and sand. Name the principle used at each step. [3]
26. State Newton’s second law of motion. A 0.2 kg ball moving at 15 m/s is brought to rest in 0.05 s. Calculate the change in momentum and the average force acting on it. [3]
SECTION D 2 × 4 = 8 marks — Case-based questions
27. Read the passage and answer the questions that follow:
A student observes an onion peel under a microscope after placing it first in water and then in a strong salt solution. In water, the cells appear firm. In salt solution, the cell contents shrink away from the cell wall. [4]
(a) Name the process responsible for movement of water across the plasma membrane. [1]
(b) Why do the cells appear firm in water? [1]
(c) Name the phenomenon seen in the strong salt solution. [1]
(d) Which structure prevents a plant cell from bursting in water? [1]
OR: Explain why an animal cell may burst in a hypotonic solution while a plant cell generally does not. [4]
28. Read the passage and answer the questions that follow:
A student walks 100 m east in 50 s and then 60 m west in 30 s. [4]
(a) Calculate the total distance travelled. [1]
(b) Calculate the displacement, including direction. [1]
(c) Calculate the average speed for the complete journey. [1]
(d) Calculate the magnitude of average velocity for the complete journey. [1]
SECTION E 2 × 5 = 10 marks
29. (a) Distinguish between homogeneous and heterogeneous mixtures. [2]
(b) Explain how the components of black ink can be separated using paper chromatography. Mention the observation and the principle involved. [3]
30. (a) State Newton’s three laws of motion and give one everyday-life example of each. [5]
OR
(b) A 1200 kg car moving at 18 m/s stops uniformly in 6 s. Calculate its acceleration, change in momentum and braking force. Also name the law used to calculate the force. [5]
— END OF QUESTION PAPER —
ANSWER KEY AND COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
Class 9 Science — Chapters 2 to 6 — Maximum Marks: 60
The answers below follow the same numbering as the question paper. Equivalent scientifically correct wording may also be accepted.
SECTION A — OBJECTIVE ANSWERS 15 × 1 = 15 marks
1. (b) Nucleus — it contains genetic material and controls most cellular activities. [1]
2. (b) Plasmolysis — water leaves the cell in a concentrated external solution. [1]
3. (b) Xylem — it carries water and minerals upward from the roots. [1]
4. (c) Striated muscle — skeletal muscles move bones at joints. [1]
5. (b) Speed — slope = change in distance ÷ change in time. [1]
6. (c) Changing velocity — direction changes continuously, even if speed is constant. [1]
7. (b) Centrifugation — rapid spinning separates lighter cream from denser milk. [1]
8. (c) Salt solution — its composition is uniform throughout. [1]
9. (c) Mass — greater mass means greater inertia. [1]
10. (b) On different bodies — the forces are equal, opposite and simultaneous. [1]
11. (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A. [1]
12. (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A. [1]
13. (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A. The area represents velocity × time, i.e. displacement. [1]
14. (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A. [1]
15. (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A. [1]
SECTION B — SHORT ANSWERS 6 × 2 = 12 marks
16. Prokaryotic cells lack a true, membrane-bound nucleus, whereas eukaryotic cells have one. Prokaryotic cells generally lack membrane-bound organelles; eukaryotic cells contain organelles such as mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus. [2]
17. The waxy cuticle (i) reduces loss of water through transpiration and (ii) protects underlying tissues from the hot, dry environment and mechanical injury. [2]
18. Distance is the total path length travelled and is a scalar; displacement is the shortest straight-line change from initial to final position and is a vector. Their magnitudes are equal when motion is along a straight line without changing direction. [2]
19. Given u = 4 m/s, v = 10 m/s, t = 3 s.
Acceleration, a = (v − u)/t = (10 − 4)/3 = 2 m/s². [2]
20. In a true solution, particles are too small to be seen and do not settle, so the solution is stable. In a suspension, particles are visible (at least under a microscope) and settle on standing, so it is unstable. [2]
21. Using F = ma: for 6 kg, a = 18/6 = 3 m/s². For 9 kg, a = 18/9 = 2 m/s². [2]
SECTION C — DESCRIPTIVE ANSWERS 5 × 3 = 15 marks
22. Osmosis is the movement of water through a selectively permeable membrane from a region of higher water concentration to lower water concentration. (i) In pure water, water enters the raisin by endosmosis and it swells. (ii) In concentrated sugar solution, water leaves the swollen raisin by exosmosis and it shrinks. [3]
23. Parenchyma: living cells with thin cellulose walls; stores food and may perform photosynthesis. Collenchyma: living, elongated cells with unevenly thickened corners; gives flexible support. Sclerenchyma: dead cells with thick, lignified walls; provides strength and rigidity. [3]
24. Given u = 0, v = 20 m/s, t = 10 s.
(i) a = (v − u)/t = 20/10 = 2 m/s².
(ii) s = ut + ½at² = 0 + ½ × 2 × 10² = 100 m. [3]
25. First heat the mixture under an inverted funnel: ammonium chloride sublimes and is collected separately (sublimation). Add water to the residue: common salt dissolves but sand does not (selective dissolution). Filter to collect sand (filtration), then evaporate or crystallise the filtrate to recover common salt (evaporation/crystallisation). [3]
26. Newton’s second law states that the rate of change of momentum is proportional to the applied force and occurs in the direction of that force.
Initial momentum = 0.2 × 15 = 3 kg·m/s; final momentum = 0.
Change in momentum = 0 − 3 = −3 kg·m/s.
Average force = Δp/Δt = −3/0.05 = −60 N. Thus, the force has magnitude 60 N opposite to the motion. [3]
SECTION D — CASE-BASED ANSWERS 2 × 4 = 8 marks
27. (a) Osmosis. [1]
(b) Water enters the cells by endosmosis, producing turgor pressure; therefore, the cells become firm or turgid. [1]
(c) Plasmolysis. [1]
(d) The rigid cell wall. [1]
Alternative (OR): In a hypotonic solution, water enters both animal and plant cells by osmosis. An animal cell has no cell wall, so excessive entry can make it burst. A plant cell has a strong cell wall that opposes further expansion and develops wall pressure, preventing bursting.
28. (a) Total distance = 100 + 60 = 160 m. [1]
(b) Displacement = 100 m east − 60 m west = 40 m east. [1]
(c) Total time = 50 + 30 = 80 s; average speed = 160/80 = 2 m/s. [1]
(d) Magnitude of average velocity = 40/80 = 0.5 m/s (towards east). [1]
SECTION E — LONG ANSWERS 2 × 5 = 10 marks
29. (a) A homogeneous mixture has uniform composition and a single visible phase, for example salt solution. A heterogeneous mixture has non-uniform composition and two or more distinguishable phases, for example sand in water. [2]
(b) Place a small spot of black ink near the lower edge of chromatography paper and suspend the paper in a suitable solvent with the spot above the solvent level. The solvent rises through the paper and carries different dyes at different rates. Separate coloured spots appear at different heights. The separation occurs because the dyes differ in their solubility in the moving solvent and their attraction to the paper. [3]
30. Option (a):
First law — An object remains at rest or in uniform straight-line motion unless acted upon by an unbalanced external force. Example: a passenger falls forward when a moving bus stops suddenly.
Second law — The rate of change of momentum is proportional to the applied force and is in its direction; for constant mass, F = ma. Example: an empty trolley accelerates more than a loaded trolley for the same push.
Third law — For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction acting on another body. Example: a swimmer pushes water backward and moves forward. [5]
Option (b): Given m = 1200 kg, u = 18 m/s, v = 0, t = 6 s.
a = (v − u)/t = (0 − 18)/6 = −3 m/s².
Change in momentum = m(v − u) = 1200(0 − 18) = −21,600 kg·m/s.
Braking force = ma = 1200 × (−3) = −3,600 N. The negative sign shows that acceleration and force act opposite to motion. Newton’s second law is used. [5]
— END OF ANSWER KEY —